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<doi_batch_id>-5171ffc0182b6af927f-7814</doi_batch_id>
<timestamp>20220827045905776</timestamp>
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  <depositor_name>beie:beie</depositor_name> 
  <email_address>director@blueeyesintelligence.org</email_address>
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<journal>
<journal_metadata>   <full_title>International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)</full_title>   <abbrev_title>IJRTE</abbrev_title>   <issn media_type='electronic'>22773878</issn>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.2277-3878</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_metadata> <journal_issue>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <journal_volume>     <volume>8</volume>   </journal_volume>   <issue>2</issue> </journal_issue> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Recognizing Cassava Variety using Artificial  Neural Network with Otsu Algorithm for Image  Segmentation</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Graduate Programs, Technological Institute of  the Philippines, Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines.</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Magdalene C</given_name>      <surname>Unajan</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Bobby D.</given_name>       <surname>Gerardo</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>College of Information and Communications Technology, West Visayas State University, Iloilo City, Philippines. </organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>One of the many indispensable tools for ensuring a quality product is variety identification. Human experts identify the product variety by personal observation; however, in their absence and rarity, technology can be used instead. This paper proposed to develop a technique that can be used to determine the type of cassava through its digital leaf image. There are 235 images used for testing and preprocessing. Two images for each of the 47 cassava varieties are used in this study. The preprocessing method was performed first before the extraction of features. The Otsu algorithm segments the leaf image from the background. From the leaf samples, nine (9) color features, three (3) morphological features and, three (3) shape features were extracted. The values of the 15 extracted features are the input for the system for variety recognition. Backpropagation method of the artificial neural network (ANN) of multilayer perceptron is used to train the system. For the input, hidden, and output layers, the values are 15, 30, and 47, respectively. These correspond to the 15 extracted features, 30 hidden layers, and 47 cassava varieties. The accuracy obtained in the experiment is 85.11%. It can be concluded that the technology was able to identify the different cassava varieties effectively.</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>131</first_page>     <last_page>135</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1917.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1917058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Mining Closed Item sets using Partition Based  Single Scan Algorithm</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Research Scholar, CSE, ANUCET, Guntur, India.</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>U. Mohan</given_name>      <surname>Srinivas</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>E. Srinivasa</given_name>       <surname> Reddy</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Prof. and Dean, CSE, ANU, UCET, Guntur, India .</organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>Closed item sets are frequent itemsets that uniquely determines the exact frequency of frequent item sets. Closed Item sets reduces the massive output to a smaller magnitude without redundancy. In this paper, we present PSS-MCI, an efficient candidate generate based approach for mining all closed itemsets. It enumerates closed item sets using hash tree, candidate generation, super-set and sub-set checking. It uses partitioned based strategy to avoid unnecessary computation for the itemsets which are not useful. Using an efficient algorithm, it determines all closed item sets from a single scan over the database. However, several unnecessary item sets are being hashed in the buckets. To overcome the limitations, heuristics are enclosed with algorithm PSS-MCI. Empirical evaluation and results show that the PSS-MCI outperforms all candidate generate and other approaches. Further, PSS-MCI explores all closed item sets</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>3885</first_page>     <last_page>3889</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1920.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1920058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Design and Fabrication of DGS Microstrip Patch  Antenna for S, C &amp; X Band Applications</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Research scholar, ECE, NIET, Greater Noida, India,</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Pooja</given_name>      <surname>Singh Gautam</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Dhananjay</given_name>       <surname>Singh</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Asst. professor, ECE, NIET, Greater Noida, India,</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Sury Deo</given_name>       <surname>Chaudhary</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'> Asst. professor, ECE, NIET, Greater Noida, </organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>The design and simulation of defected ground structure microstrip patch antenna for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications are additionally testing as the antenna ought to be little in size, light in weight, easy to manufacture, minimal effort, and simplicity of joining in such gadgets. The target of this work is to plan and creation of an antenna which will be appropriate for WiMAX and WLAN applications with improved gain and optimized bandwidth. WiMAX depend on gauges, for example, IEEE 802.16, intended to work between 2-11 GHz and spreads S, C and X microwave recurrence groups. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) conventions are in the 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5.8 GHz ranges. A planar antenna with imperfect ground plane is proposed and manufactured, 3.5/5.5 GHz WiMAX band, 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN band, 4/6 GHz satellite correspondence, and different remote correspondence applications. This structure canvassed two groups in which it is extending from 3.34-8.72 GHz implies a band of 5.38 GHz with impedance BW 89.22%. The resonating frequencies are 3.92 GHz and 7.88 GHz with return loss - 35.59 dB and - 31.99 dB, VSWR 1.03 and 1.05 and gain 9.46 dB and 0.14 dB respectively. The second band covers 9.22-13.06 GHz implies a band of 3.84 GHz with impedance BW 34.47%. This resounds at 10.58 GHz with return loss - 55.52 dB, VSWR 1.00 and gain is 7.09 dB. The deliberate outcomes are in great concurrence with reproduced consequences of the proposed antenna.</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>141</first_page>     <last_page>144</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1933.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1933058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Categorized Image Classification uing CNN  Features with ECOC Framework</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Department of CS, GITAM (Deemed to be  University), Visakhapatnam, India.</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Shameem</given_name>      <surname>Fatima</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Dr. M</given_name>       <surname>Seshashayee</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Department of CS, GITAM (Deemed to be  University), Visakhapatnam, India.</organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>Image Classification technique is used to classify images into categories. In this study, an application is presented to examine category based image classification by combining Support Vector Machine with error correcting output codes (ECOC) framework. The ResNet50 used as Network architecture, our image dataset include caltech101 images from 9 categories (classes) which builds our classification task a multiclass problem. ECOC is a commonly used framework to model multiclass classification problem. We present one-verses-all coding design of ECOC and apply to SVM classifier. A pre-trained CNN (convolution neural network) is used for extracting image feature and as a classifier Multiclass Support Vector Machine is used. The extracted features are then passed for classification via ECOC approach. The final classification result predicts the class labels. The application is implemented in Matlab using pre-trained CNN. The prediction accuracy of each category is evaluated and presented. The experimental result shows an accuracy of 97.6%. Further experiments are carried out on different dataset which showed that best accuracy is achieved using CNN with ECOC for multiclass problem.</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>145</first_page>     <last_page>150</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1937.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1937058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Open Digital Education Space: Classification of  E-Services at University</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State  Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Fedorov Alexander</given_name>      <surname>Alexandrovich</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Paputkova </given_name>       <surname>Galina Alexandrovna</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State  Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Filchenkova</given_name>       <surname>Irina Fedorovna</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State  Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Ilaltdinova</given_name>       <surname>Elena Yuryevna</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State  Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Klyueva</given_name>       <surname>Marina Igorevna</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State  Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.</organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>The article suggests new approaches to describing digital education space. The differentiation of the concepts &quot;digital pedagogy&quot;, &quot;digital didactics&quot; and &quot;digital education&quot; is carried out. The study of the problem of e-services typology has both practical importance for structuring a digital education space of the university and methodological, prognostic significance that allows the authors to solve the task of developing a fundamentally new type of educational e-services. In the typology of services, it is necessary to single out services of educational program management and services of the content management, for digital education space. The second group of services is classified by the authors on two bases: firstly, stages of the content acquisition and, secondly, the theory of multiple intelligence, which is interpreted in terms of &quot;teacher intelligence&quot;, proposed by the authors</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>2495</first_page>     <last_page>2498</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1945.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1945058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Satellite Image Compression using RICE  Algorithm</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Satellite Image Compression using RICE algorithm, UG  student, ECE Department, BNM Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Pooja</given_name>      <surname>R</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Harshitha</given_name>       <surname> U</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Satellite Image Compression using RICE algorithm, UG  student, ECE Department, BNM Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Supriya</given_name>       <surname>S</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Satellite Image Compression using RICE algorithm, UG  student, ECE Department, BNM Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>R</given_name>       <surname>Supriya</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Satellite Image Compression using RICE algorithm, UG  student, ECE Department, BNM Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Keerti</given_name>       <surname>Kulkarni</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Satellite Image Compression using RICE algorithm,  Assistant Professor, ECE Department, BNM Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India</organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>Processing of satellite images is time-intensive owing to the large surface of the earth and the necessity for high resolution. Compression algorithms are an active research topic since there is no single algorithm which can achieve the best compression at the highest speed. Different compression algorithms need to be explored to enhance the speed of the analysis. Here, a lossless compression scheme using RICE algorithm is implemented using Matlab and Verilog on a satellite image according to the CCSDS (Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems) recommendation. The RICE algorithm uses a set of variable length codes. The architecture comprises of a Pre-processor, Adaptive entropy coder, Postprocessor and an Inverse mapper. The design has been implemented using Xilinx</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>1082</first_page>     <last_page>1085</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1952.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1952058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Thermal Analysis of Semi-Circular Pin Fins for  Application in Electronics Cooling</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical  Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, India.</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Saroj</given_name>      <surname>Yadav</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Kumari</given_name>       <surname>Ambe Verma</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, India.</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Mukul</given_name>       <surname>Ray</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Public Works Department, Government of Tripura,  Agartala- 799006, India.</organization>     <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Krishna Murari</given_name>       <surname>Pandey</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Professor, Department of Mechanical  Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, India.</organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>Efficient thermal energy management of a system is always a prime requirement for many equipment and industries. The performance of almost all devices are affected by the thermal conditions of the system, which also include the surroundings. Generation of heat is an unavoidable phenomenon for any device that runs on external power sources. The generated heat in such systems must be dissipated to the surrounding. It requires efficient utilization of the surface area with minimum flow losses in the system. It was always desirable to have a heat sink in the all devices that occupy minimum space with maximum effectiveness. The present work is an effort to analyze conjugate heat transfer physics in a 3-D system of aluminum pin fins, with air as the working fluid. A finite element solver, COMSOL 4.3a has been used in simulating a staggered pin fin arrangements placed over a base plate. The solver is validated using the empirical data of previous literature. The thermal analysis has been performed on semicircular pin fins with uniform cross section. Consideration is given to staggered arrangement of semicircular fins with various relative distances between two sections of a circle with various inlet velocities. Heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient and pressure coefficient are four parameters that are taken into consideration for analyzing all the fin geometries in the current study. The proposed shapes are designed to increase the wetted surface area by keeping the fin material volume constant.</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>2366</first_page>     <last_page>2374</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1954.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1954058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article> <!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Back To Back Converter Based Real and Reactive  Power Control with Constant Speed Operation of  Dfigin Wind Mill</title> </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>aassistant professor in the department of  EEE at SSM Engineering college. (Tamil Nadu ) India</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Mr. D. Madeswaranm</given_name>      <surname>E</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Dr. P.</given_name>       <surname>Selvam</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>professor and headin the department of EEE at  Vinayaka Mission's kirupananda Variyar Engineering College. (Tamil  Nadu ) India</organization>   </contributors>     <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>The DFIG turbine could be a variable speed turbine typically used in world wide. In present world, DFIG wind turbines basically create utilization of the innovation that created ten years back. In any case, it's found within the paper that there's confinements regular management technique. The DTC is taken once for the direct power management (DPC) of electrical drives. The direct power management is accomplished by selecting exchanging applicable exchanging table that is formed by viewing the reference and assessed estimations of real and reactive power. The device potential difference is evaluated in light weight of the dc interface voltage and also the exchanging conditions of the device. The spatial relation of voltage vectors or position of virtual motion square measure used to regulate the real and responsive power. The dynamic and responsive power is controlled by rotor voltage, that experiences consecutive voltage supply device and DC-connect voltage is to boot sorted stable. the standard management approach is contrasted and also the projected management methods for DFIG turbine management underneath each consistent and breezy breeze conditions. A MATLAB primarily based copy frame work was work to approve the viability of the projected strategy. The projected strategy waveforms of real power, receptive power, DC interface voltage and generator speed square measure contrasted and ancient technique. This paper demonstrates that underneath the DPC management strategies, a DFIG framework have a prevailing execution in numerous angles.</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>1855</first_page>     <last_page>1860</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1962.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1962058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article><!-- ============== --> <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   <titles>     <title>Retinal Blood Vessel and Optic Disc  Segmentation</title>   </titles>   <contributors>      <organization sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>Research Scholar and Associate Professor, Department  of Computer Science and Engineering</organization>    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>      <given_name>Alex</given_name>      <surname>David S</surname>    </person_name>    <person_name sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>       <given_name>Mahesh</given_name>       <surname> C</surname>     </person_name>     <organization sequence='additional' contributor_role='author'>Associate Professor, Department of Information  Technology</organization>   </contributors>    <jats:abstract xml:lang='en'>         <jats:p>Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a main source of vision misfortune in diabetic patients. DR is a predominantly caused because of the harm caused in retinal veins of a diabetic patients. It is fundamental to recognize and fragment their tinal veins for DR identification and determination, which avoids prior vision misfortune in diabetic patients. The PC helped programmed discovery and division of veins through the end of optic location district in Retina. Optic Disc (OD) discovery is a principle step while creating computerized screening framework for diabetic retinopathy. This is a technique to naturally recognize the situation of the OD in advanced retinal fundus pictures. The strategy begins by normalizing glow and difference all through the picture utilizing brightening evening out and versatile histogram balance techniques individually. The OD recognition calculation depends on coordinating the normal directional example of the retinal veins. Henceforth, a straightforward coordinated channel is proposed to generally coordinate the headings of the vessels at the OD region. The retinal vessels are portioned utilizing a basic and standard 2-D Gaussian coordinated channel.</jats:p>     </jats:abstract>  <publication_date media_type='online'>     <month>07</month>     <day>30</day>     <year>2019</year>   </publication_date>   <pages>     <first_page>833</first_page>     <last_page>838</last_page>   </pages>   <crossmark>     <crossmark_version>CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</crossmark_version>     <crossmark_policy>10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>     <crossmark_domains>       <crossmark_domain>          <domain>www.ijrte.org</domain>       </crossmark_domain>     </crossmark_domains>     <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>   </crossmark>   <doi_data>     <doi>10.35940/ijrte.A1963.078219</doi>     <resource>https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/A1963058119/</resource>   </doi_data> </journal_article>
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