The Scale Validation of Public Participation of Renewable Energy (RE) Development in Malaysia: An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
Wan Abdullah W.M.Z.1, Zainudin W.N.R.A.2, Mohamad Ishak W.W.3
1Wan Abdullah W.M.Z., Senior Lecturer, School of Maritime Business and Management, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
2Zainudin W.N.R.A., Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia.
3Mohamad Ishak W.W., Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on 13 December 2018 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 December 2018 | Manuscript Published on 24 January 2019 | PP: 44-48 | Volume-7 Issue-4S2 December 2018 | Retrieval Number: ES2086017519/19©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Renewable Energy studies are gaining more interest by involved parties such as energy producer as well as research community. However, there are still limited number of studies in particular concerning instrument to measure public participation towards Renewable Energy (RE) development in Malaysia. The instrument for assessing public participation seem to require some extent of revalidation. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to validate the factor structure of public participation instrument that measured by willingness to pay level and it determinants. The questions of this developed scale were derived from previous published quantitative study. Validity and reliability of the instruments were assessed with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Cronbach’ Alpha respectively. Four hundred and five respondents had participated in this study. Results from this study revealed that the originally validated form of every factor structure, i.e. Willingness to pay (WTP), Awareness on RE (ARE), Knowledge on RE (KRE), Willingness to adopt RE technology (WTA) and Attitude towards RE usage (AURE) and Environmental concern (EC) had performed as per previous literatures within this research context. Furthermore, all the revised factors had a good reliability with the Cronbach’s Alpha value well above 0.70 of threshold. Therefore, a total of 45-items revised in public participation toward RE measurement might be better suited for use within the selected population. This information provides preliminary evidence that the public participation towards RE instrument is a reliable and a valid measure that can be used to provide the data regarding Renewable Energy (RE) development in Malaysia. However, in order to cross validate, in future study can be conducted by engaging other location to cater different public opinion.
Keywords: Renewable Energy (RE), Willingness to Pay (WTP), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) And Measurement Scale.
Scope of the Article: Renewable Energy Technology