Trends of Transformation Characteristics of Ground-Level Ozone in Urban Peninsular Malaysia
Hasifah Abdul Aziz1, Norrimi Rosaida Awang2, Mohamad Faiz Mohd Amin3
1Hasifah Abdul Aziz, Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia.
2Norrimi Rosaida Awang, Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia.
3M. F. M. Amin, Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on 11 October 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 20 October 2019 | Manuscript Published on 02 November 2019 | PP: 706-711 | Volume-8 Issue-2S11 September 2019 | Retrieval Number: B11130982S1119/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B1113.0982S1119
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Ozone (O3 ) is the second prominent air pollution in Malaysia. The annual variation of ozone concentration depends upon several conditions such as the sources of its precursor, the land use type and meteorological parameter. This study aims to understand the trends and issues of transformation characteristics of O3 in 4 urban area (Shah Alam, Kajang, Johor Bahru and Kota Bharu) during specific critical conversion time (CCT) as well as to introduce the critical transformation time (CTT) of O3 in 4 selected continuous air quality monitoring stations (CAQMS) from the year 2000 to 2011. The identification of CTT for O3 formation was identified occurring between 8.00 a.m and 11.00 a.m., and the O3 uni-modal peaks usually after CTT at approximately between 12.00 p.m and 4.00 p.m. The results indicated that the CTT of O3 in the Kota Bharu is slightly earlier occurring between 8.00 a.m to 10.00 a.m whereas Shah Alam, Kajang and Johor Bahru the CTT later occurring between 10.00 a.m to 11.00 a.m. Only Kota Bharu recorded data was below 100 part per billion volume (ppbv), while Shah Alam, Kajang and Johor have recorded exceedances above 100 ppbv. This research elucidates that CTT is adequate to control ozone concentration. Ozone might exceed Recommended Ambient Air Quality Guideline (RMAAQC) unless nitrogen emissions are adequately managed, due to the detrimental effects for those who are at risk of respiratory health problems resulting from air pollution.
Keywords: Diurnal Variations, Ozone Fluctuation, Precursor, Secondary Air Pollutant.
Scope of the Article: Aggregation, Integration, and Transformation