Radiotherapy Errors and its Verification Approach
Hendrik1, Massila Kamalrudin2, Mohamad Razali3
1Hendrik, Oncologist, Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Dr. Moewardi Public Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia.
2Massila Kamalrudin, Associate Professor, Institute of Technology Management and Entrepreneurship, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia.
3Mohamad Razali, Professor, Institute of Technology Management and Entrepreneurship, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on 25 May 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 12 June 2019 | Manuscript Published on 26 June 2019 | PP: 191-196 | Volume-8 Issue-1S5 June 2019 | Retrieval Number: A00350681S519/2019©BEIESP
Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting
© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Radiotherapy is one of the main modalities of cancer treatment, either as a curative or palliative form, and also recommended as one of the best possible treatments for every patient with cancer by the ISCRO-USA and WHO. There were few inventions of radiotherapy in the beginning of the 20th century especially for the cancer treatment of breast, stomach, skin, and nose in America, France, Austria, and Sweden. Those inventions in radiotherapy paved for the discovery of the two main techniques of radiotherapy delivery, namely teletherapy (cobalt60 or linac) and brachytherapy. Further, the invention of the CT-Scan, followed by MLC device, help to improve the certainty of the irradiation targets and improve the accuracy of the radiotherapy delivery, without exceeding the tolerance dose of normal tissues. Yet, radiotherapy is still found as a high risks treatment procedure due to the complexity of its sophisticated technology development. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are two- folds:1) to study the type of errors that normally occur in radiotherapy; and 2) to analyze the existing approaches in verifying the radiotherapy errors to improve the certainty of radiotherapy delivery. Finally, the most significant errors and the gaps and limitations of current approaches to verify the errors are discussed.
Keywords: Cancer, Radiotherapy, Radiotherapy Error.
Scope of the Article: Expert Approaches