Spatial Distribution Analysis on Groundwater Quality of Sarada River Basin, Visakhapatnam, A.P. India
M. Sujatha1, T. Satyanarayana2, SS. Asadi3
1M. Sujatha, Department of Environment, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur (A.P), India.
2T. Satyanarayana, SRK Engineering College, Vijayawada (A.P), India.
3SS. Asadi, Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Deemed to be University, (A.P), India.
Manuscript received on 04 May 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 16 May 2019 | Manuscript Published on 28 May 2019 | PP: 747-751 | Volume-7 Issue-6C2 April 2019 | Retrieval Number: F11380476C219/2019©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: An attempt has been made to study the spatial distribution of pH, E.C, Chlorides and TDS of groundwater in the different sub-basins of Sarada River Basin, Visakhapatnam, A.P. The pH value of groundwater varies from 6.4 to 8.8 with an average of 7.6. The pH range is not within the limits prescribed by WHO or ISI either in the highest desirable level or maximum permissible level E.C values ranges from 210 to 8000 micromhos/cm with an average of 4105 micromhos/cm. The chloride values of the study area ranges from 14 to 2486mg/l with an average of 1250mg/l. The TDS values of the study area ranges from 136 to 5200 mg/l with an average of 2668mg/l, exceeds the maximum permissible limit of ISI and ICMR .A small portion of the upper Sarada River and some southern part of lower Sarada River Basin which is close to the sea, characterized with sudden change in the values of pH, Electrical Conductivity, Chlorides and TDS which indicate some sort of pollution. The agricultural and industrial townships in the study area shows the minimum pH, high chloride and E.C. values. The study area also reveals that the pollution of groundwater is due to saline water intrusion and over use of fertilizers and pesticides in lower Sarada River Basin.
Keywords: pH, E.C, Chlorides, TDS and Groundwater Pollution.
Scope of the Article: Structural Reliability Analysis