Large Scale Civilian Digital Identification Systems- A Technological Perspective
Dharam Pal Singh1, A. J. Singh2
1Dharam Pal Singh*, Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, India.
2A. J. Singh, Professor, Department of Computer Science, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, India.
Manuscript received on November 11, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on November 20 2019. | Manuscript published on 30 November, 2019. | PP: 11290-11295 | Volume-8 Issue-4, November 2019. | Retrieval Number: D9564118419/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.D9564.118419
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Human identity is a notion that takes into consideration the philosophical and physiological aspects. Philosophical aspects of identity narrates specifically the sentiments of humans that arises from the social status of an individual and identify individuals as belonging to a particular group. However, the physiological aspects takes into account the identification of the humans on the basis of some physical parameters such as height of an individual or the biometric traits. The Issues of national importance have steered the need for the setting-up of the formal identification system for the establishment of the physiological identity of the residents of a country, especially the digital identity. The issues of national importance include national security, border security and delivery of the government services to the residents of a country in an electronic mode etc. Before the advent of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT), documents such as passport, driving license and ration card etc. were used to establish the human identity in order to avail various services of the government and non- government organizations. ICT has enabled the government across the world to devise digital identification systems for providing the digital identity to the individuals as well as mechanisms for the authentication of the digital identity. Depending upon the national policy, some of the countries have made it compulsory and some others have made it voluntary to enroll the residents of the country into the digital identification system. The digital identification systems can take different technological shapes depending upon the variables such as the state of the art of the digital infrastructure in a country, population of a country, literacy rate in the country and the geographic dimensions of a country. The paper discusses the large scale civilian identification systems of the countries that are the pioneer in the setting up of the large scale civilian digital identification system and the technological issues involved therein.
Keywords: Centralized Database System, Digital Identity, Federated Database system, Human Identity.
Scope of the Article: Database Theory and Application.