In Vitro Mutation of Capsicum A nnuum L. var. Kulai by Gamma Radiation
Shamsiah Abdullah1, Nur Amalina Farhana Shariffudin2, Norumaimah Omar3, Abdul Rahim Harun4, Shuhaimi Shamsudin5
1Shamsiah Abdullah*, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
2Nur Amalina Farhana Shariffudin, Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
3Norumaimah Omar, Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
4Abdul Rahim Harun, Agrotechnology and Biociences Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
5Shuhaimi Shamsudin, Agrotechnology and Biociences Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on November 20, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on November 28, 2019. | Manuscript published on 30 November, 2019. | PP: 6934-6938 | Volume-8 Issue-4, November 2019. | Retrieval Number: D5180118419/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.D5180.118419
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The present work was carried out to investigate the effects of gamma radiation on regeneration of Capsicum annuum L. var Kulai via in vitro. Seeds of C. annuum were irradiated with various doses of gamma ray (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 Gy) emitted from the Caesium-137 source at the rate of 4.31 Gy per minute. Irradiated seeds grown on MS medium without hormone for hypocotyl and cotyledon preparation as explant for in vitro regeneration. Seed germination rate revealed significant variation between treatments, and seeds started to germinate between 6 to 17 days. Irradiated seeds between 0-60 Gy were observed to germinate in less than 10 days. All explants including hypocotyl and cotyledon were cultured on MS medium with different concentrations of BAP in combination with AgNO3 to observe the response of these explants to different hormone concentrations. From the observation, calluses were induced in 90% of hypocotyl and cotyledon explants in all treatments. The characteristics of calluses were varied with greenish friable, greenish compact, yellowish watery, yellowish friable and yellowish compact. In other treatments, calluses were found in purple, bright yellow and yellowish orange. On the other hand, shoot regeneration was observed in treatment between 40-100 Gy. In conclusion, gamma radiation gave impact on seed germination, seedling growth performance, in vitro callus formation and shoot regeneration of Capsicum annuum var. Kulai.
Keywords: Callus Induction, Capsicum Annuum, Induced Mutation, Shoot Regeneration.
Scope of the Article: Mutation.