Transformational Leadership, Servant Leadership, and Strategic Leadership of Women Entrepreneurs: A Case of Restaurant Owners
K. Sarojini Krishnan1, Nazatul Shima Abdul Rani2, Zurinah Suradi3
1K. Sarojini Krishnan, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, UniKL Business School, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
2Nazatul Shima Abdul Rani, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, UniKL Business School, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
3Zurinah Surad, College of Commerce and Business Administration, Dhofar University, Salalah, Sultanate Oman.
Manuscript received on 23 April 2019 | Revised Manuscript received on 06 May 2019 | Manuscript Published on 17 May 2019 | PP: 135-141 | Volume-8 Issue-1S May 2019 | Retrieval Number: A10180581S19/2019©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Women entrepreneurs or female entrepreneurs play critical roles in the rapid development of economic activities, while contributing to the increasing number of SMEs in Malaysia. However, not many studies have been conducted on the elements of leadership of women entrepreneurs in Malaysia. This study aims to identify the critical elements of leadership among women entrepreneurs that play an important role for business survival during the period of the economic crises and after the crises. The types of leadership that are investigated include transformational leadership (10 items), servant leadership (9 items), and strategic leadership (3 items) of women entrepreneurs. The target population of this study consists of female restaurant owners who fall under the category of SMEs around Klang Valley, Malaysia. About 100 questionnaires were distributed to the sample to explore the critical elements of transformational leadership, servant leadership, and strategic leadership of women entrepreneurs in facing challenges during and after economic crises. The findings show that the most important dimensions of leadership styles employed by women entrepreneurs are transformational leadership, servant leadership, and strategic leadership.
Keywords: Strategic Leadership, Servant Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Women Entrepreneurs, Restaurant.
Scope of the Article: Social Sciences